Release 1. This is the first release of this unit of competency in the AVI Aviation Training Package.

This unit involves the skills and knowledge required to implement complex human factors in remote pilot aircraft systems (RPAS) beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) in compliance with relevant regulatory and legislative requirements.

It includes the application of strategies to address human performance and communications skills needed to pilot effectively in BVLOS aviation environments. In addition, it includes maintaining situational awareness, assessing situations and making decisions, setting priorities, managing tasks and working with others in managing situational awareness.

In addition, it includes recognising signs of personal fatigue, employing fatigue risk management practices to minimise fatigue, and identifying fatigue in others.

This unit addresses non-technical skill requirements (mental, social and personal-management abilities) related to safety management duties of remote system operators and contributes to safe and effective performance in complex operational environments.

Operations are conducted as part of commercial and military remote operated system activities across a variety of operational contexts within the Australian aviation industry.

Work is performed independently or under limited supervision as a single operator or within a team environment.

Licensing, legislative, regulatory or certification requirements are applicable to this unit.

Not applicable.

F – Safety Management

Not applicable.

ELEMENTS 

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA 

Elements describe the essential outcomes.

Performance criteria describe the performance needed to demonstrate achievement of the element.

1  

Monitor and control remote pilot aircraft systems through aircraft instrumentation systems  

1.1 

Instrumentation necessary for the maintenance of stable flight are allocated to onboard automation systems

1.2 

Supervision and control of systems are monitored effectively and communicated to other team members

1.3 

Mode selections for automated systems are used appropriately accounting for own personal performance

1.4  

Communication is maintained with all flight personnel in accordance with organisation procedures and legislative requirements

1. 5

Information necessary to perform remote pilot aircraft system functions are interpreted and used for safe operation

1.6 

Information needed for pilot decision making is assessed for accuracy and applied to maintain command

1.7 

Situational awareness is maintained for the duration of the flight

2 

Perform pilot duties using machine -human interface  

2.1 

Controlled flight is maintained using automated systems as appropriate

2.2 

Onboard camera is used for flight control tasks where the camera is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the remote pilot aircraft system

2.3 

Control station is monitored and configured to assess the status of the remote pilot aircraft system to identify and respond to abnormal conditions

2.4 

Awareness is maintained by the pilot on the status of the control station power supply and back-up as necessary

2.5 

Remote pilot aircraft system is manoeuvred appropriately ensuring that obstacles and infrastructure are avoided

2.6 

Pilot vigilance is maintained fully during extended periods of low workload

2.7 

Control of the remote pilot aircraft system is transferred effectively between pilots during extended flight operations

2.8 

Threats and emergency situations are addressed following flight procedures ensuring the safety of people and infrastructure

Foundation skills essential to performance are explicit in the performance criteria of this unit of competency.

Range is restricted to essential operating conditions and any other variables essential to the work environment.

No equivalent unit.

Release 1. This is the first release of this unit of competency in the AVI Aviation Training Package.

Evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria on at least one occasion and include:

• adapting to differences in equipment and operating in beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) environments in accordance with standard operating procedures
• applying precautions and required action to minimise, control or eliminate identified hazards in BVLOS operations
• applying relevant legislation and workplace procedures
• communicating effectively with others
• identifying and correctly using relevant equipment
• implementing contingency plans
• implementing work health and safety (WHS) procedures and relevant regulations
• interpreting and following operational instructions and prioritising work
• interpreting remote pilot aircraft systems displays
• modifying activities depending on workplace contingencies, situations and environments
• monitoring and anticipating operational problems and hazards and taking appropriate action
• monitoring work activities in terms of planned schedule
• operating electronic communications equipment to required protocol
• performing systematic scan techniques for monitoring remote pilot aircraft systems, sub-systems (equipment) and devices
• reading, interpreting and following relevant regulations, instructions, procedures, information and signs
• reporting and/or rectifying problems, faults or malfunctions promptly in accordance with workplace procedures
• undertaking fault finding in remote pilot aircraft systems
• using automated systems to manage workload in BVLOS operations
• working collaboratively with others
• working systematically with required attention to detail without injury to self or others, or damage to goods or equipment.

Evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria and include knowledge of:

• definition of human factors
• situational awareness in BVLOS operations, including:

• adaptation to environment
• field of view

• human-machine interface principles
• decision making and assertiveness
• instrument-only flying in BVLOS
• loss of human sensing
• complacency and mode awareness in BVLOS operations
• fatigue and fatigue risk management
• control station interface with remote pilot aircraft systems
• stages of flight and human-machine interface
• contingency procedures in event of emergency
• communication in single and multi-crew BVLOS operations, including:

• flight team members
• observers
• other pilots
• air traffic control (ATC) where required

• data links and maintaining connectivity
• loss of natural sensing in pilot duties
• pilot error in BVLOS
• threat and error management (TEM)
• collision avoidance and separation procedures
• perceptual illusions or distortions related to onboard cameras
• response times to external data from remote pilot aircraft systems
• data link management
• reliance on automation
• BVLOS remote pilot responsibilities
• navigation in remote pilot BVLOS operations
• WHS procedures and relevant regulations
• Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) Manual of Standards (MOS) regulations.

Assessors must hold credentials specified within the Standards for Registered Training Organisations current at the time of assessment.

Assessment must satisfy the Principles of Assessment and Rules of Evidence and all regulatory requirements included within the Standards for Registered Training Organisations current at the time of assessment.

Assessment must occur in workplace operational situations. Where this is not appropriate, assessment must occur in simulated workplace operational situations that reflect workplace conditions.

Assessment processes and techniques must be appropriate to the language, literacy and numeracy requirements of the work being performed and the needs of the candidate.

Resources for assessment must include access to:

• a range of relevant exercises, case studies and/or simulations
• acceptable means of simulation assessment
• applicable documentation, including workplace procedures, regulations, codes of practice and operation manuals
• relevant and appropriate materials, tools, equipment and personal protective equipment (PPE) currently used in industry.